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Real Estate questions, explained.

1000 plain-language Q&As about real estate. Browse below, or search the whole library.

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What matrimonial home risks should I consider before adding a new partner to title after separating from my spouse?

Physically separating from a spouse doesn't end matrimonial home status on its own — that generally continues until the marriage itself legally ends,…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

How do I add my spouse to the title of my home in Ontario?

Adding a spouse to title involves registering a transfer at the Land Registry Office that conveys either a half-interest or a full joint tenancy to…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What are the current as-of-right rules for adding an extra dwelling unit to my property in Ontario?

Ontario's provincial planning policy has pushed toward allowing additional residential units as-of-right in many residential areas, meaning that where…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

What is the adjustment date on a statement of adjustments and is it always the same as the closing date?

The adjustment date is the date from which the statement of adjustments divides financial obligations between the buyer and the seller. In most Ontario…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Can someone claim ownership of my land through adverse possession in Ontario?

Adverse possession — sometimes called squatter's rights — is a legal doctrine that allowed a person who openly occupied someone else's land for a long…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Can someone claim ownership of my Ontario land by using it for years?

Adverse possession is a legal doctrine that can allow someone who occupies land openly, continuously, and without permission — for at least ten years —…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

Can nearby aggregate or gravel extraction affect my well water supply, and what recourse do I have in Ontario?

Yes, nearby aggregate or gravel pit operations can affect a private well, since large-scale extraction can alter local groundwater flow, lower the…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Does the agreement of purchase and sale affect what gets adjusted at closing in Ontario?

Yes, the agreement of purchase and sale (APS) governs what adjustments are made on the statement of adjustments. The standard Ontario APS form includes…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

Do I need a special permit to renovate a heritage-designated property in Ontario?

Yes, generally. Alterations affecting the heritage attributes identified in a property's designating bylaw typically require municipal approval before…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What is a co-tenancy clause and why should a buyer worry if the anchor tenant leaves a retail plaza?

A co-tenancy clause is a lease provision, common among smaller retail tenants in a plaza, that ties their own rent or continued occupancy to the…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

How do I appeal a committee of adjustment decision to the Ontario Land Tribunal?

A committee of adjustment's decision on a minor variance can generally be appealed to the Ontario Land Tribunal by a party with standing, which…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

Can I appeal or object to my property being designated under the Ontario Heritage Act?

Yes, an owner generally has an opportunity to object during the designation process itself, and a further right to challenge the decision if the…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

Can I appeal if a municipality refuses to approve my site plan in Ontario?

Yes, generally. If a municipality refuses to approve site plan drawings, or fails to make a decision within the applicable timeframe, an applicant…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Are real estate commissions regulated or set by law in Ontario?

No. Commission rates in Ontario are not set or regulated by law, by RECO, or by the Toronto Regional Real Estate Board or any other board. There is no…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Is HST charged on real estate commissions in Ontario?

Yes. In Ontario, real estate commissions are a taxable supply for HST purposes. When a brokerage charges you a commission on the sale of your home, HST…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

Does a seller have to disclose known asbestos in an older Ontario home?

Asbestos was widely used in insulation, flooring, and other building materials in Ontario homes built before the 1990s, and its mere presence,…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

How does the land lease get assigned to a buyer when I sell my mobile home in Ontario?

Selling a home in a land-lease community involves two separate steps: transferring ownership of the physical home to your buyer, and assigning the site…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

After I assign my condo, am I still responsible if the new buyer defaults?

Whether you remain liable after an assignment depends on the language of the original purchase agreement with the builder and the terms of the…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

What can I do if the builder refuses to consent to my assignment?

Whether a builder can refuse to consent to your assignment depends entirely on the terms of your original purchase agreement. If the agreement gives…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

What happens to my closing timeline if I buy a condo assignment and the project delays?

When you buy a condo assignment, you inherit the original purchaser's position under the purchase agreement — including all the closing date risks that…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

When I buy a condo assignment, do I pay the same deposits the original buyer paid?

The deposit structure in an assignment transaction is more complex than a standard new-construction purchase. The original buyer (assignor) has already…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Why is it harder to get a mortgage for a condo assignment purchase?

Financing a condo assignment purchase is more complicated than obtaining a mortgage for a standard new-build or resale property, and some lenders will…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Do I have to pay HST on an assignment of a pre-construction condo in Ontario?

The HST treatment of a condo assignment sale is one of the most important and commonly misunderstood issues in Ontario real estate. The Canada Revenue…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

What is an assignment of a condo purchase agreement and how does it work in Ontario?

An assignment occurs when the original buyer of a pre-construction condominium (the "assignor") sells their rights under the purchase agreement to a…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

What due diligence should I do before buying a condo assignment in Ontario?

Buying a condo assignment is riskier than buying directly from a builder because you inherit the original buyer's position with less protection. Before…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

What happens to a pre-construction condo agreement if the original buyer dies before closing?

If the original purchaser of a new-construction condo dies before the final closing, the purchase agreement does not automatically terminate — it…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Who pays legal fees on a condo assignment sale in Ontario?

In a condo assignment transaction, both the assignor and the assignee typically have their own legal fees to pay, and it is generally expected that…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

What are my options if my condo assignment price is now higher than market value at closing?

If property values have declined since you signed either the original purchase agreement or the assignment agreement, and the purchase price is now…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Why do some condo builders include 'no assignment' clauses and can they enforce them?

Some Ontario new-construction purchase agreements contain clauses that prohibit the buyer from assigning the agreement at all, or that prohibit…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

When does my name actually go on title when I buy a condo through an assignment?

When you purchase a condo through an assignment, your name does not appear on title until the final (registration) closing — the point at which the…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Do I have to report the profit from selling a condo assignment on my income tax?

Yes, profit from an assignment sale must be reported to the Canada Revenue Agency. The key question is how it is characterized — as a capital gain or…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Is buying a condo through assignment better or worse than buying directly from the builder?

Both routes have distinct advantages and risks that depend on your situation and priorities. Buying directly from the builder gives you a 10-day…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

Can a buyer assume the seller's existing mortgage when purchasing a commercial property in Ontario?

Only with the lender's consent. Assuming a seller's existing commercial mortgage isn't automatic just because the buyer would like to keep the existing…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

Does a buyer assume the seller's obligations for a tenant's deposit and arrears when a rental property sells?

For a last month's rent deposit, generally yes; Ontario's rules do not typically permit a general security deposit beyond a last month's rent deposit…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

Can a tenant sue for a bad-faith N12 eviction if the new owner doesn't actually move in?

Yes. The Residential Tenancies Act, 2006 allows a tenant to apply to the Landlord and Tenant Board for a remedy where they believe a purchaser's or…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

If a bank error delays my mortgage funds by a day, am I in default on my purchase?

Yes, in the sense that your obligation to complete the purchase on the scheduled date generally does not depend on whose fault a delay was. Ontario…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

How is buying property from a bankruptcy trustee different from buying through power of sale?

Both are distressed-purchase situations, but they arise from different processes and involve different sellers. A power of sale is a specific remedy a…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What is the financial risk of buying a rental property with a sitting tenant paying below-market rent?

The core financial risk is that you generally cannot simply raise the rent to market levels after buying the property; the Residential Tenancies Act,…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What happens if beneficiaries disagree about whether to sell or keep a property left in an estate?

Where the will gives the estate trustee discretion over whether to sell or retain a property, the trustee generally has the authority to make that…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What happens to a pending sale if a beneficiary contests the will partway through the deal?

It depends heavily on the stage the sale and the estate administration are at. If the trustee already has a valid Certificate of Appointment and the…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What is an application under the Boundaries Act and when would I use one to fix an uncertain property line?

An application under the Boundaries Act is a formal process for conclusively establishing and confirming the true location of a property boundary…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

Does an informal boundary agreement with my neighbour bind future owners of both properties?

Not automatically, and this is a common and costly misunderstanding. An informal boundary agreement, even a genuine, good-faith understanding reached…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What is a bring-down title search done on the morning of closing and can it derail my deal?

A bring-down search is a final title search your lawyer runs shortly before registration to confirm nothing has changed on title since the earlier,…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What happens when my chain of closings breaks because one sale in the middle falls through?

Each Agreement of Purchase and Sale in a chain is legally independent, so one sale collapsing does not automatically unwind the transactions on either…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What legal protections exist for a buyer redeveloping a brownfield site in Ontario?

Ontario's brownfield framework, set out under the Environmental Protection Act, offers a buyer redeveloping a formerly contaminated site a path to…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Who pays development charges on a new home purchase in Ontario?

Development charges are fees that Ontario municipalities levy on new construction to fund growth-related infrastructure — roads, water, sewers, parks,…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Do builder upgrades on a new condo attract HST in Ontario?

Yes, upgrades and extras purchased from a builder on a new condominium in Ontario are generally subject to HST. When you select upgrades — such as…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

Can I build a structure or addition over a utility easement registered on my Ontario property?

Generally, no, not without the consent of whoever holds the rights under that utility easement, even though you hold title to, and pay taxes on, the…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What happens if I built something without getting a legally required minor variance first?

Building something that doesn't comply with the zoning bylaw without first obtaining the required minor variance generally puts you in violation of the…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What is the Bulk Sales Act and does it apply when I buy a small business's real property?

The Bulk Sales Act was an older Ontario law that required a business selling most of its stock or assets outside the ordinary course of business to…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What happens if an old buried fuel tank is found on a cottage property and the seller says they didn't know about it?

If a seller genuinely didn't know about a buried fuel tank, the usual disclosure principle, which turns on a seller's actual knowledge of a hazardous…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

If I buy a house with a tenant already living in it, do I have to honour their existing lease?

Yes. Under the Residential Tenancies Act, 2006, a residential tenancy is not ended by a change in who owns the property, so when you buy a tenanted…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What lease terms should a buyer review carefully before purchasing a tenanted investment property?

Review the actual lease term carefully, since whether it is a fixed term or already month-to-month affects how soon certain future steps could even be…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What service contracts should a buyer review before closing on a commercial building purchase?

A commercial building typically runs on a network of ongoing service contracts that keep it operating day to day: elevator maintenance, HVAC servicing,…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

Does a buyer of a commercial property inherit any obligations to the seller's on-site employees?

Generally, buying a commercial property alone, meaning the real estate itself rather than the operating business, doesn't automatically make the buyer…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

Does a buyer inherit an already-filed LTB arrears application against a tenant when they buy the property?

Generally yes, in the sense that an already-filed application and its hearing process continue regardless of the change in ownership, and the new owner…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

Does a new landlord have to honour informal arrangements the old landlord made with a tenant, like free parking?

Not automatically, but it is not always a clean no either. A truly casual, undocumented favour the previous landlord extended is generally not binding…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What liability does a buyer face if they fail to withhold funds when buying from a non-resident seller?

A buyer who fails to withhold when required under the federal non-resident disposition rules can become personally liable to the Canada Revenue Agency…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What can a seller do if the buyer simply doesn't show up or send funds on closing day?

A buyer who fails to complete without a valid excuse is generally in breach of the Agreement of Purchase and Sale, and the seller has several potential…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

What is a Buyer Representation Agreement and do I have to sign one in Ontario?

A Buyer Representation Agreement (BRA) is a written contract between you and a real estate brokerage that sets out the terms on which the brokerage…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

Can a new owner serve an N12 to move in a family member shortly after closing on a tenanted property?

Yes, a new owner can potentially use this process to end a tenancy so that themselves or a qualifying family member can move in, but this notice is…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

What does a real estate lawyer do when I buy a condo in Ontario?

Buying a condominium in Ontario without a lawyer is not advisable — and for most transactions involving a mortgage, the lender requires one. Your real…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What extra due diligence should I do before buying property from an estate that is in receivership?

Beyond the usual title, tax, and property searches you would do for any purchase, a receivership sale calls for a close look at the receivership…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What extra issues come up when buying a furnished student rental property in Ontario?

Beyond the usual tenanted-property considerations, a furnished student rental raises a few specific questions worth confirming before closing: whether…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What shared-services issues should I check before buying one half of a legal duplex in Ontario?

Before buying one half of a duplex, check exactly how services like water, hydro, and heating are metered and billed between the two units, since some…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What extra due diligence should a buyer do before purchasing a heritage-designated property in Ontario?

A buyer considering a heritage-designated property should start by obtaining and carefully reading the actual designating bylaw, since it identifies…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What special considerations apply to buying a hotel or motel property in Ontario beyond a typical commercial deal?

Buying a hotel or motel is rarely just a real estate transaction — it's usually also buying an operating business, and due diligence needs to reflect…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What extra due diligence should I do before buying near a former gas station or dry cleaner in Ontario?

Former gas stations and dry cleaners are two of the classic red-flag former uses in environmental due diligence, because both commonly involved…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

What are the main risks when buying a pre-construction condo in Ontario?

Buying a pre-construction condominium in Ontario involves risks not present in resale purchases. The most common are: construction delays (projects…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What are the risks of buying a property with an illegal secondary suite or basement apartment?

An unregistered or non-compliant secondary suite carries risks beyond just the tenancy occupying it. If the unit does not comply with local zoning or…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What happens if I buy a rental property while an LTB eviction order against the tenant is still being enforced?

An eviction order from the Landlord and Tenant Board does not simply disappear or need to be started over because the property is sold while…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What are the risks of buying a rental property where the tenant pays cash and has no written lease?

The Residential Tenancies Act, 2006 generally applies to a residential tenancy whether or not there is a written lease and regardless of how rent…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

What should I know about buying a home with a family member who is not my spouse?

Buying with a family member — a parent, sibling, or adult child — can be a practical way to enter the housing market, but the legal and financial…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What can a buyer do if a tenant's hoarding or property damage is discovered before closing?

Discovering a hoarding situation or significant property damage before closing is a serious due-diligence issue that deserves immediate attention…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

What should I know about buying a home jointly with my parents in Ontario?

Buying jointly with parents is an increasingly common way to enter the Ontario housing market, but it raises questions about ownership structure, tax,…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What happens to a liquor licence when I buy the property a restaurant operates from in Ontario?

A liquor licence is issued by Ontario's alcohol regulator to a specific licensee, the business operator, not to the real property itself, so simply…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What special licensing or bylaw requirements apply when buying a rooming house in Ontario?

Some Ontario municipalities regulate rooming, lodging, or boarding houses through specific local bylaws that go beyond ordinary residential rental…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What can I do if the seller promised vacant possession but the tenant refuses to leave before closing?

If your Agreement of Purchase and Sale made vacant possession a genuine obligation of the seller and the seller cannot deliver it, the seller is…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

If I buy a home with my partner, do we both qualify as first-time buyers?

Each buyer's first-time status is assessed independently. If you have never owned a home and your partner has previously owned one, you qualify as a…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

What is a CAM reconciliation and who is responsible for it when a commercial property sells mid-year?

Common area maintenance (CAM) reconciliation is the year-end process of comparing what tenants were charged throughout the year in estimated CAM costs…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Can my real estate agent buy my property themselves in Ontario?

Yes, but with significant disclosure requirements. Ontario's real estate regulations under TRESA require that when a registrant (agent or broker) or…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Can my agent share details of offers I receive with other buyers or agents in Ontario?

The rules around offer confidentiality in Ontario have evolved. The general principle under TRESA is that a brokerage cannot disclose the details of…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

Can a bank reverse or claw back a wire transfer that has already landed in a lawyer's trust account?

Once a wire has actually landed in a lawyer's trust account, reversing it is difficult and not something a bank can simply do on its own initiative. A…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Can I add conditions to my offer after it has already been accepted in Ontario?

No. Once both parties have signed the Agreement of Purchase and Sale and any irrevocability or counter-offer period has resolved into a binding…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Can a buyer visit my property before closing in Ontario?

Yes, in most Ontario residential transactions buyers have a right to conduct one pre-closing inspection of the property, typically in the twenty-four…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Can a co-signer or guarantor help me qualify for a mortgage in Ontario?

Yes — having a co-signer or guarantor can help you qualify for a mortgage if your income, credit, or down payment is not sufficient on its own. A…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Can the condo board raise my common expenses without my approval in Ontario?

Yes, in most cases the board of directors can increase common expenses without a vote of unit owners. Under the Condominium Act, 1998, the board has…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Can I accept more than one offer at the same time when selling my Ontario home?

No. In Ontario you can only enter into one binding Agreement of Purchase and Sale at a time. Once you sign back (counter-sign) one offer and the…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Can I back out of a real estate deal after I've waived my conditions?

Once all conditions in your Agreement of Purchase and Sale have been waived or satisfied, the deal is firm and legally binding. At that point, backing…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Is it worth breaking my Ontario mortgage to get a lower interest rate?

Breaking your mortgage to get a lower rate is sometimes financially worthwhile, but the math needs careful analysis before you commit. The key question…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Can I fire my real estate agent or cancel a listing agreement in Ontario?

Listing agreements in Ontario are contracts between you and the brokerage — not the individual agent. Cancelling the agreement early typically requires…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Can I sell my Ontario home myself without a real estate agent?

Yes. There is no law in Ontario requiring you to use a real estate agent to sell your home. Private sales — sometimes called FSBO (For Sale By Owner) —…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Can I sell a family member's property under a power of attorney in Ontario?

Yes, a continuing power of attorney for property (CPOA) granted under Ontario's Substitute Decisions Act authorizes the attorney (the person given the…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Can I switch mortgage lenders at renewal without penalties in Ontario?

Yes — switching lenders at renewal is generally straightforward and penalty-free. When your term ends, you are no longer locked in, so the prepayment…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Can my parents give me money for a down payment in Ontario?

Yes, receiving a gift from a parent or other family member to help with a down payment is common and permitted by most lenders, including those…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Can the seller back out of a deal while my conditions are still outstanding in Ontario?

Once a seller has accepted your offer — even if conditions remain outstanding — they are generally bound by the Agreement of Purchase and Sale and…

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Real EstateUpdated June 2026

Can a seller back out of a firm offer in Ontario?

Once a seller has signed and accepted an offer and all conditions have been waived or fulfilled, the deal is firm and the seller is legally bound to…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

Can a seller refuse to agree to close in escrow even if the buyer's lender caused the delay?

Yes. Closing in escrow or as a gap closing is a cooperative arrangement between the parties, not something a buyer can insist on or that a seller is…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

Can one spouse list the matrimonial home for sale without the other spouse's agreement in Ontario?

Signing a listing agreement with a realtor is generally a different step than actually selling the home, and a titled spouse can often enter into a…

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Real EstateUpdated August 2026

How does a CCAA or receivership sale of a commercial property differ from a residential power of sale?

These processes are aimed at fundamentally different situations. The Companies' Creditors Arrangement Act is generally used for larger, insolvent…

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