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№ 384 Case Study — Buying & Selling a Business

Retirement Savings, a Solo Seller, and Contracts Nobody Had Read

Gordon and Joanne were about to put most of their retirement savings into an IT services company when it became clear the client contracts behind the revenue number had not actually been reviewed by anyone.

Buying & Selling a Business9 min readListowel, OntarioIT managed service provider sales
All Buying & Selling a Business case studies
ClientGordon and Joanne, buying a managed IT services business in Listowel with their retirement savings
The issueThe purchase price rested on client contracts nobody had reviewed, several with auto-renewals about to lock in below-market rates
ServiceMapped every client contract's renewal terms and renegotiated price and closing timing around what they showed
ResolutionA negotiated compromise closed the deal at a reduced price with a holdback covering the contracts still at risk

The situation

Gordon called on a Friday afternoon, and the first thing he said was that he had already put down a deposit. He and his wife Joanne had spent thirty years in Listowel, Gordon running his own landscaping business and Joanne working her way up to front-desk supervisor at a local hotel, and as they approached retirement they had decided to buy an established managed IT services company rather than simply invest their savings and hope for steady returns. The seller, Camille, had built the company from nothing over close to two decades and was ready to step back. Gordon and Joanne had found the listing through a business broker, toured the office twice, and agreed on a purchase price in the mid six figures, most of it drawn directly from their retirement savings.

What prompted Gordon's call that Friday was not excitement but a growing unease. Camille was handling the sale herself without a lawyer, which had at first seemed like it might keep things simple and inexpensive for everyone involved. Instead, the deal had already stalled twice over terms Camille kept revisiting, and Gordon had started to realize that most of what he was buying was not equipment or an office lease but a book of ongoing client contracts he had never actually seen in full. He had reviewed the summary client list Camille provided during due diligence, and the monthly revenue on paper looked healthy, but nobody had shown him the underlying contracts, and he did not know what he would be inheriting along with the business.

Joanne had pushed him to call a lawyer before signing anything further, and Gordon admitted he had been reluctant, not wanting to seem like he was escalating a deal Camille might take personally. He was also acutely aware that this purchase represented most of what he and Joanne had saved for retirement, and that if the numbers behind the business were not what they appeared to be, there would be no real second chance to rebuild that cushion before they needed it.

Gordon also mentioned that he had grown up doing physical work he could see the results of at the end of each day, mowing lawns and clearing snow, and that buying a business built on contracts and recurring service fees felt like stepping onto ground he could not read. That instinct turned out to be worth listening to; something in the numbers did not add up, though he could not yet say what it was.

What made this urgent

When we asked to see the underlying client contracts rather than just the revenue summary, Camille produced a stack of agreements clearly signed at different times over many years, with no consistent template between them. About a third contained auto-renewal clauses that locked clients in for another full term, typically twelve months, unless either side gave written notice within a narrow window before the renewal date, in several cases as little as thirty days. A number of those windows were closing within weeks of the date Gordon and Joanne expected to take ownership.

This mattered because pricing had not kept pace with the market on many of these accounts. Camille had been reluctant to raise fees on long-standing clients, which was good for loyalty but meant a meaningful share of the company's revenue was tied to per-client rates that had not moved in years. If those contracts renewed automatically at the old rate before new terms could be negotiated, Gordon would be locked into another year of below-market revenue on those accounts immediately after paying full price for the business, effectively buying a company worth less than the agreed valuation.

The urgency was compounded by the fact that nobody had flagged this to Gordon before. Camille was not being dishonest; she simply had not organized her own contracts in a way that made renewal dates visible, and as a self-represented seller she had no one on her side pointing it out either. The broker's materials summarized total revenue but did not break out contract terms client by client. Gordon had been days away from closing on the strength of a number that did not account for a portion of the client base being contractually locked at rates below what Camille herself believed the business could reasonably charge going forward.

Once we mapped the renewal calendar against the proposed closing date, it became clear that either the closing needed to move, or the purchase price and deal structure needed to change to reflect the real risk that a portion of revenue would stay frozen at old rates for another year regardless of who owned the company by then. There was also a narrower, more immediate problem: two contracts had notice windows closing within days, before the deal could plausibly close under the original timeline. If those windows passed without notice being sent by anyone, the company would be locked into another full year at rates everyone involved already agreed were too low.

What we did

  1. Requested and reviewed every underlying client contract individually. Rather than relying on the broker's revenue summary, we asked Camille for the full set of signed client agreements and went through each one to identify term length, renewal mechanics, and notice requirements, since those details determined how much of the reported revenue was actually secure going forward. Because the contracts had been signed over close to two decades on several different templates, this took longer than a single afternoon and turned up terms Camille herself had forgotten she had agreed to.
  2. Built a renewal calendar mapped against the proposed closing date. We laid out every contract's notice deadline on a single timeline against the closing date Gordon and Camille had agreed to, which made visible for the first time how many client accounts would auto-renew at old rates within days or weeks of the sale actually completing. Two contracts stood out immediately, with notice windows closing within days rather than weeks, and those became the first priority.
  3. Recalculated the business's effective value. Using the renewal calendar, we estimated how much of the projected first-year revenue was locked at below-market rates and could not realistically be renegotiated before the next renewal cycle, giving Gordon a concrete figure to weigh against the price he had agreed to pay based on the broker's summary numbers. That figure, not a general sense of unease, became the basis for everything we negotiated after.
  4. Explained the findings directly and plainly to Camille. Because Camille had no lawyer of her own, we were careful to present what we had found factually rather than adversarially, since a self-represented seller who feels ambushed is more likely to walk away from a deal than one who understands why the numbers changed. We walked her through the renewal calendar contract by contract rather than simply handing over a revised number and asking her to accept it.
  5. Negotiated a reduced purchase price reflecting locked-in contracts. Once Camille understood the renewal exposure, we negotiated a price reduction that accounted for the portion of revenue that could not be improved until existing contracts came up for renewal naturally, rather than asking her to absorb the full risk or Gordon to overpay for revenue that was not fully secure. The reduction was tied directly to our calculated figure, not a round number pulled from thin air.
  6. Structured a holdback tied to contract renewals. Rather than resolve every uncertainty through price alone, we built a holdback that released additional funds to Camille as specific at-risk contracts renewed successfully at improved terms over the following year, sharing the risk between both sides instead of placing it entirely on one. Each release was tied to a named contract on the schedule, so there was no room for dispute later about whether a given renewal qualified.
  7. Adjusted the closing date to allow proper notice on key contracts. A handful of contracts needed notice sent before their renewal window closed regardless of who owned the business, so we pushed closing back slightly and coordinated with Camille to ensure required notices went out on time under her name before ownership transferred, since notice given after a change of ownership could have been challenged as ineffective.
  8. Confirmed financing terms would still support the revised structure. Because Gordon was funding most of the purchase from retirement savings and a smaller loan, we made sure the reduced price and holdback arrangement still fit within what his lender had approved, so the renegotiated deal did not create a financing problem on top of the contract issue it was meant to solve.
  9. Drafted seller representations tied to the contract disclosures. We added specific warranties confirming that Camille had disclosed all material client contracts and their terms accurately, giving Gordon a documented remedy if a contract surfaced after closing that had not been included in the schedule reviewed during due diligence. Without that warranty, an undisclosed contract discovered later would have been Gordon's problem alone to absorb.

The outcome

The deal closed several weeks later than originally planned, at a purchase price reduced from the original figure to reflect the contracts locked at below-market rates. Camille did not recover the full original price, and Gordon did not get every contract renegotiated before closing; the holdback structure meant both sides accepted a compromise rather than either one getting everything they had hoped for. Neither party walked away with the deal they had first shaken hands on, and both had to accept that the business was worth less, in the short term, than the number the broker's summary had suggested.

Over the following year, roughly half of the at-risk contracts renewed at improved rates as their windows came up, releasing the corresponding portion of the holdback to Camille as agreed. The remainder renewed automatically at the old terms, which meant Gordon carried some below-market revenue longer than he would have liked, though the reduced purchase price had already accounted for that possibility rather than leaving it as an unplanned loss. The two contracts with the closest notice deadlines were handled in time, sent under Camille's name before ownership transferred, which avoided the worst-case outcome of an unwanted automatic renewal locking in for another full year.

Gordon told us afterward that knowing the exposure going in, and having it reflected in the price rather than discovered after closing, made the difference between a manageable trade-off and a genuine financial blow to their retirement savings. He said he no longer felt like he had bought a business he could not read; he understood exactly which parts of the revenue were secure and which parts still carried risk. Camille, for her part, accepted the lower price once she understood the reasoning, and the negotiation stayed civil throughout despite her having no lawyer of her own to push back on our findings or advocate for a different outcome.

What you can learn from this

  • When buying a service business, ask for the underlying client contracts, not just a revenue summary. Auto-renewal terms can lock in pricing you have no ability to change for another full year.
  • Map every contract's notice deadline against your expected closing date before you sign. A renewal window that closes during the transition can cost you leverage you did not know you had.
  • If the other side is self-represented, present findings factually and plainly rather than adversarially. A seller who feels ambushed is more likely to walk away than negotiate.
  • A holdback tied to specific future events, like contract renewals, can share risk between buyer and seller more fairly than resolving every uncertainty through the purchase price alone.
  • If a purchase represents most of your retirement savings, treat the due diligence period as non-negotiable time, even if it means pushing back a closing date the other side wants to keep.
This case study is entirely fictional. It does not describe any real client, file, or matter handled by Treadstone Law, and it is not a real file with details changed. All names, people, properties, businesses, dollar amounts, dates, and events are invented, and any resemblance to a real person, business, or situation is coincidental. Fictional scenarios like this one illustrate the kinds of legal issues people in Ontario commonly face and how a lawyer can help. They are general information, not legal advice — no two matters unfold the same way, and nothing here predicts the outcome of any real case. Reading a case study does not create a lawyer-client relationship. If you are facing something similar, speak with a lawyer about your specific circumstances.

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