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№ 01Buying & Selling a Business · Security & Investigation Firms · Canada-Wide

Buying or selling a security or investigation firm

Security and investigation firms in Ontario operate under one licence — the PSISA agency licence — but the businesses inside that licence split into two different animals: alarm-monitoring accounts that sell like a recurring-revenue book, and guard or patrol operations that sell like a labour-heavy services business. Getting the structure right starts with knowing which one you're actually buying.

Part of Professional Services — see the family overview.

№ 01.1The Numbers That Drive the Deal

The numbers behind the deal

Every figure below is a typical Canadian deal-market pattern, not a valuation — use it to sanity-check what you're being told.

MetricTypical benchmarkUse this to
Two sub-species price differently
  • Alarm-monitoring and central-station accounts price on a multiple of recurring monitoring revenue, closer to a subscription business.
  • Guard, patrol, and investigation firms price more like a labour-heavy services business, closer to a multiple of normalized earnings.
Confirm which model a listed firm actually is before you apply a valuation rule of thumb from the other one.
Contract book qualityThe strength of a security firm's value sits heavily in its monitoring and service contracts — their term length, renewal terms, and whether they survive a change of ownership.Weigh contract durability and assignability as heavily as the current revenue number.
Licensed-workforce depthA firm where every guard and investigator holds a current, independent PSISA licence is a materially cleaner acquisition than one carrying unlicensed or lapsed staff — that gap doesn't show up in the financials.Treat individual staff-licence standing as a diligence item with real value impact, not paperwork.
Equipment versus goodwill mixAlarm and monitoring firms carry real equipment value — panels, sensors, monitoring infrastructure — while guard and patrol firms carry comparatively little hard equipment, so their value sits almost entirely in the contract book and workforce.Right-size how much of the price you're paying for equipment versus for the book and the people.
1

The PSISA agency licence covers the business, but it requires notice to the regulator of any change in the firm's officers, directors, or partners — a sale is a licensing event, not just a change of ownership on paper.

2

Individual guard and investigator licences belong to the person, not the agency, and none of them transfer automatically with the business — every staff member's licence has to be independently confirmed current before you rely on the workforce you're buying.

3

Monitoring and service contracts are often the single largest value driver in this sector, and whether they assign to a new owner without client consent — or trigger a renegotiation — is a legal question the contracts themselves answer, not an assumption.

№ 01.2The Deal, End to End

Six steps, from offer to ownership

The same sequence underlies almost every security or investigation firm deal — what changes from deal to deal is how long each step takes, and which one becomes the bottleneck.

Reaching an agreement

01

Offer & conditions

The offer sets price and key terms — for a security or investigation firm it should build in the conditions that actually matter from day one, not just financing.

usually 1–2 weeks
02

Agreement of purchase & sale

The APS fixes price, structure — asset or share — and closing date, plus the reps, warranties, and holdbacks that protect you if diligence turns up something different than promised.

1–3 weeks to negotiate
03

Key transfers open in parallel

PSISA agency licence & officer-change notice, Individual guard/investigator licensing, Monitoring/service contracts, Equipment (alarm/systems), Staff all start moving at once, on separate clocks — this is usually where security or investigation firm deals are won or lost.

often the critical path

Getting to closing

04

Diligence & searches

Corporate, PPSA lien, and litigation searches confirm what you're actually buying; we chase down licence standing and records the seller doesn't always have to hand.

2–4 weeks, in parallel
05

Closing day

Funds, keys, and signed documents change hands, alongside any inventory count and interim authorizations that bridge the gap until final transfers are confirmed.

1 day, once conditions are met
06

After closing

We track final licence confirmation and the staff transition through to completion — nothing is left for you to chase once the deal is done.

1–2 week tail
Most single-location deals close in 45–90 daysLarger, multi-location, or regulator-heavy deals typically run longer.
№ 01.3Deal Structure

Asset sale or share sale?

This is the first real decision in almost every security or investigation firm deal — and it changes what you're buying, what you're taking on, and how it's taxed.

QuestionAsset purchaseShare purchase
What you buyThe contracts, equipment, licence standing, and workforce of the agency — structured as an asset purchase.The shares of the corporation holding the PSISA agency licence — everything it owns and everything it owes.
PSISA agency licenceTypically requires a new licence application or transfer notice reflecting the new ownership.The corporate licence can stay in place, but the regulator must still be notified of the change in officers or directors.
Individual guard/investigator licensingConfirmed independently for each staff member carried forward — licences don't attach to the business.Same requirement applies regardless of structure — individual licensing is personal, not corporate.
Monitoring/service contractsAssigned to the buyer, which may require client consent depending on the contract terms.Generally stay in place with the corporation, avoiding a client-by-client consent process.
Seller's liabilitiesGenerally stay behind with the seller's existing corporation.Come with the company, known and unknown.
Tax angleBuyer gets a stepped-up cost base on the assets purchased.Seller may access the lifetime capital gains exemption on qualifying shares.
Typical use in this sectorCommon for guard/patrol firms, where contracts and workforce carry the value.More common for monitoring firms with a large, hard-to-reassign contract book.
What you buy
Asset sale

The contracts, equipment, licence standing, and workforce of the agency — structured as an asset purchase.

PSISA agency licence
Asset sale

Typically requires a new licence application or transfer notice reflecting the new ownership.

Individual guard/investigator licensing
Asset sale

Confirmed independently for each staff member carried forward — licences don't attach to the business.

Monitoring/service contracts
Asset sale

Assigned to the buyer, which may require client consent depending on the contract terms.

Seller's liabilities
Asset sale

Generally stay behind with the seller's existing corporation.

Tax angle
Asset sale

Buyer gets a stepped-up cost base on the assets purchased.

Typical use in this sector
Asset sale

Common for guard/patrol firms, where contracts and workforce carry the value.

We tell you which structure fits — before you sign anything.

№ 01.5Due Diligence, Both Sides

What gets checked before closing

Different lists depending on which side of the deal you're on — both matter for how smoothly closing goes.

If you're buying

  • Three years' financials, split by monitoring revenue versus guard/patrol services if the firm runs both
  • PSISA agency licence standing, with no outstanding compliance issues
  • Individual licence verification for every guard and investigator carried forward
  • Contract book reviewed for assignability, term, and renewal terms
  • Equipment ownership and lien searches on monitoring infrastructure
  • Client concentration — how much revenue sits with the top few accounts
What we do: run the searches, chase the certificates, and flag anything that changes your price or your conditions.

If you're selling

  • Clean books and current PSISA agency licence
  • Every staff licence confirmed current before it's relied on in diligence
  • Contracts organized with assignment terms clearly identified
  • Equipment lien payouts lined up before closing
  • A staff transition plan, given how personal client relationships often are in this sector
  • Officer/director-change notice prepared for the regulator
What we do: tell you what a buyer's lawyer will ask for — before they ask for it.
№ 01.6Costs & Fees

You'll know the number before we start

No open-ended hourly surprises — the cost is confirmed in writing before any work begins.

Type of workFeeHow it's confirmed
Straightforward purchase or saleStarting from $3,388.87
Our charges · taxes included
Confirmed in writing once we see the agreement.
Larger or more complex dealQuoted to scopeShort call → fixed written quote before any work begins.
Searches, filings & third-party feesAt costItemized on your invoice, not marked up.
Other costs to budget for, depending on your deal: PSISA licensing or notice fees, individual licence renewal costs for staff, a broker's success fee if the firm was listed, and any client-consent process required to assign monitoring or service contracts. We confirm all of these once we see your agreement.
Most deals start here

An owner-run business

A single-location alarm-monitoring or guard firm with a modest client roster and one owner-operator handling both operations and sales.

Start my file
A bit more involved

A larger or more complex deal

A firm blending monitoring and patrol/investigation services, a multi-branch operation, or a deal where a significant share of the contract book needs individual client consent to assign.

Book a consultation

Not sure which you are? That's our job to figure out, not yours. As a rough guide, most deals under a couple of million dollars are the first kind — above that, you're usually in Mergers & Acquisitions territory.

№ 01.7The Landscape

Security & Investigation Firms, in context

Typical deal size
$150K–$2M
Typical closing
45–90 days
Usual structure
Either sale

Typical patterns across Canadian deals — not a quote or advice; every deal is confirmed on its own facts.

№ 01.8Before You Ask

Common questions

Do I need my own PSISA licence to buy a security company?

It depends on your role in the business — but the agency licence itself and the individual licences of guards and investigators are separate things, and both need to be in order before you take over. We confirm what your specific role requires before you commit to a structure.

Are alarm-monitoring accounts and guard/patrol contracts valued the same way?

No — monitoring accounts tend to price closer to a recurring-revenue book, while guard and patrol operations price more like a services business on a multiple of earnings. If a firm runs both, we help you value each piece on its own terms rather than blending them into one number.

What if some of the guards don't actually have current licences?

That's a real and common finding in diligence, since individual licences don't transfer with the business and can lapse without the owner noticing. It's worth confirming licence status for the workforce you're relying on before the price is finalized, not after.

Do the monitoring contracts automatically come with the business?

That depends on how each contract is worded — some assign to a new owner without issue, others require the client's consent, and a few may allow the client to walk away entirely on a change of control. Reviewing the contract book for exactly this is a core part of diligence in this sector.

What does the regulator need to know when a security company changes hands?

The PSISA agency licence requires notice of any change in the firm's officers, directors, or partners — a sale is treated as a licensing event, and the notice requirement applies regardless of whether you structure it as an asset or share deal.

№ 01.9Resource Register

Official links

ResourceOfficial link
Ontario — Private Security and Investigative Services
PSISA agency and individual licensing
Visit www.ontario.ca
Personal Property Security Registration (PPSR)
Equipment lien searches
Visit www.ontario.ca
WSIB — workplace safety & insurance
Employer account status on a change of ownership
Visit www.wsib.ca

Where we close security or investigation firm deals

Ready to begin?

Tell us about your security or investigation firm deal — we'll point you the right way and confirm the cost in writing before any work begins.

Prefer to talk first? Call 1-844-900-1070 — it’s free.
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