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№ 01Buying & Selling a Business · Dental & Medical Practices · Canada-Wide

Buying or selling a dental or medical practice

Buying or selling a dental or medical practice in Ontario means working inside the professional-corporation rules the colleges impose — the voting shares have to be held by a licensed member, and for dental practices, a holding company can't own them at all. Layer in a Certificate of Authorization, patient-record obligations, and college approval, and this is the longest-running deal type in the program, by design.

Part of Healthcare & Wellness — see the family overview.

№ 01.1The Numbers That Drive the Deal

The numbers behind the deal

Every figure below is a typical Canadian deal-market pattern, not a valuation — use it to sanity-check what you're being told.

MetricTypical benchmarkUse this to
Volume versus valueThis is a lower-volume, higher-value category compared to most main-street businesses — fewer deals happen, but each one typically represents a meaningful practice with an established patient base.Expect a more involved, longer diligence process than a typical small-business sale, proportional to the value involved.
Share ownership is legally restrictedVoting shares of the professional corporation must be held by a licensed member of the relevant college — for dental practices specifically, ownership by a holding company isn't permitted at all.Confirm the buyer's own licensing status and eligible ownership structure before you go any further.
Timeline is college-driven, not deal-drivenClosing timelines in this category are set largely by how long the college takes to process the Certificate of Authorization and related approvals, not by how quickly the parties themselves can agree.Set closing-date expectations around the college's own timeline, not a generic small-business closing window.
Associate and non-solicitation terms shape ongoing valueAssociate agreements and non-solicitation terms with departing or continuing dentists and physicians materially affect how much of the practice's patient base and revenue actually continues after the sale.Weigh associate continuity and non-solicitation strength as heavily as the headline price.
1

Voting shares of a professional corporation must be held by a licensed member of the relevant college — for a dental practice, a holding company cannot hold them at all — which sets the entire ownership structure available to a buyer before price is even discussed.

2

A new or updated Certificate of Authorization is a standard closing condition, and the college's own processing timeline is usually the single biggest driver of how long the deal takes overall.

3

Patient records are transferred under the province's health-privacy rules for health information custodians — this is a distinct legal obligation on top of ordinary business due diligence, not an extension of it.

№ 01.2The Deal, End to End

Six steps, from offer to ownership

The same sequence underlies almost every dental or medical practice deal — what changes from deal to deal is how long each step takes, and which one becomes the bottleneck.

Reaching an agreement

01

Offer & conditions

The offer sets price and key terms — for a dental or medical practice it should build in the conditions that actually matter from day one, not just financing.

usually 1–2 weeks
02

Agreement of purchase & sale

The APS fixes price, structure — asset or share — and closing date, plus the reps, warranties, and holdbacks that protect you if diligence turns up something different than promised.

1–3 weeks to negotiate
03

Key transfers open in parallel

Professional-corporation share rules, Certificate of Authorization, Patient records (PHIPA), Associate agreements, College approvals all start moving at once, on separate clocks — this is usually where dental or medical practice deals are won or lost.

often the critical path

Getting to closing

04

Diligence & searches

Corporate, PPSA lien, and litigation searches confirm what you're actually buying; we chase down licence standing and records the seller doesn't always have to hand.

2–4 weeks, in parallel
05

Closing day

Funds, keys, and signed documents change hands, alongside any inventory count and interim authorizations that bridge the gap until final transfers are confirmed.

1 day, once conditions are met
06

After closing

We track final licence confirmation and the staff transition through to completion — nothing is left for you to chase once the deal is done.

1–2 week tail
Most single-location deals close in 90–180 daysLarger, multi-location, or regulator-heavy deals typically run longer.
№ 01.3Deal Structure

Asset sale or share sale?

This is the first real decision in almost every dental or medical practice deal — and it changes what you're buying, what you're taking on, and how it's taxed.

QuestionAsset purchaseShare purchase
What you buyIn the rare case an asset structure were used, the practice's equipment, patient records, and goodwill — but this isn't how professional-corporation practices are typically sold.The shares of the professional corporation itself — the practice, its patient relationships, its assets, and its liabilities.
Who can hold the sharesNot applicable to an asset purchase in the same way, though professional licensing requirements would still govern who can operate the practice day to day.Voting shares must be held by a licensed member of the relevant college; dental practices specifically cannot have a holding company as a shareholder.
Certificate of AuthorizationWould still be required to authorize the practising entity — this document exists regardless of structure.A new or updated certificate is required to reflect the change in ownership — a standard, near-universal closing condition.
Patient records (PHIPA)Custodianship rules would apply the same way under either structure — the framework governs the records, not the deal structure.Transfer of custodianship is governed by health-privacy rules for health information custodians, handled as part of the sale.
Associate agreementsWould need individual review and consent in an asset structure, adding complexity most sellers prefer to avoid.Existing associate and non-solicitation agreements are reviewed for how they continue, or need updating, under the new ownership.
Tax angleGenerally less tax-efficient for the seller in this category, which is part of why it's rarely used.Seller may access the lifetime capital gains exemption on qualifying shares — a significant driver of why share structure is preferred here.
Typical use in a dental/medical practice dealUncommon for a full practice sale — occasionally seen for a partial asset purchase rather than a whole-practice transaction.The standard structure for buying or selling an established dental or medical practice in Ontario.
What you buy
Asset sale

In the rare case an asset structure were used, the practice's equipment, patient records, and goodwill — but this isn't how professional-corporation practices are typically sold.

Who can hold the shares
Asset sale

Not applicable to an asset purchase in the same way, though professional licensing requirements would still govern who can operate the practice day to day.

Certificate of Authorization
Asset sale

Would still be required to authorize the practising entity — this document exists regardless of structure.

Patient records (PHIPA)
Asset sale

Custodianship rules would apply the same way under either structure — the framework governs the records, not the deal structure.

Associate agreements
Asset sale

Would need individual review and consent in an asset structure, adding complexity most sellers prefer to avoid.

Tax angle
Asset sale

Generally less tax-efficient for the seller in this category, which is part of why it's rarely used.

Typical use in a dental/medical practice deal
Asset sale

Uncommon for a full practice sale — occasionally seen for a partial asset purchase rather than a whole-practice transaction.

We tell you which structure fits — before you sign anything.

№ 01.5Due Diligence, Both Sides

What gets checked before closing

Different lists depending on which side of the deal you're on — both matter for how smoothly closing goes.

If you're buying

  • Confirmation of your own eligibility to hold voting shares under the relevant college's rules
  • Three to five years' practice financials, normalized for owner compensation
  • Certificate of Authorization application requirements and expected processing time
  • Associate agreements and non-solicitation terms, reviewed for continuity
  • Patient records custodianship and health-privacy compliance plan
  • Equipment condition, financing, and any leases
  • Lease terms and remaining length, where the practice operates from leased premises
  • College disciplinary or complaint history, if any
What we do: run the searches, chase the certificates, and flag anything that changes your price or your conditions.

If you're selling

  • Clean practice books and up-to-date college standing
  • Certificate of Authorization and college filings in order
  • Patient records organized and ready for a compliant handover
  • Associate agreements reviewed for what happens on sale
  • Equipment and lease details documented for buyer diligence
  • A transition plan for existing patients and staff
What we do: tell you what a buyer's lawyer will ask for — before they ask for it.
№ 01.6Costs & Fees

You'll know the number before we start

No open-ended hourly surprises — the cost is confirmed in writing before any work begins.

Type of workFeeHow it's confirmed
Straightforward purchase or saleStarting from $3,388.87
Our charges · taxes included
Confirmed in writing once we see the agreement.
Larger or more complex dealQuoted to scopeShort call → fixed written quote before any work begins.
Searches, filings & third-party feesAt costItemized on your invoice, not marked up.
Other costs to budget for, depending on your deal: Certificate of Authorization application fees, college filing fees, appraisal or valuation costs given the value typically involved, a broker's success fee if the practice was listed, and any associate buyout or non-solicitation consideration. We confirm all of these once we see your agreement.
Most deals start here

An owner-run business

A single dentist or physician selling to another licensed practitioner buying their first practice, with straightforward associate arrangements.

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A bit more involved

A larger or more complex deal

A multi-associate practice, a sale involving significant non-solicitation negotiation, or a buyer whose own licensing or corporate structure needs to be confirmed before the deal can proceed.

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Not sure which you are? That's our job to figure out, not yours. As a rough guide, most deals under a couple of million dollars are the first kind — above that, you're usually in Mergers & Acquisitions territory.

№ 01.7The Landscape

Dental & Medical Practices, in context

Typical deal size
$200K–$5M+
Typical closing
90–180 days
Usual structure
Share sale

Typical patterns across Canadian deals — not a quote or advice; every deal is confirmed on its own facts.

№ 01.8Before You Ask

Common questions

Can I buy a dental or medical practice through a holding company?

For a dental practice specifically, no — the relevant college requires voting shares of the professional corporation to be held directly by a licensed member, and bars holding-company ownership entirely. Medical practices have their own version of this rule. Confirming what structure you're actually eligible to use comes before anything else in this kind of deal.

Why do these deals take so much longer to close than a typical small-business sale?

The pace is usually set by the college's own timeline for processing a new or updated Certificate of Authorization, not by how quickly you and the seller can agree on terms. That approval is a standard closing condition, and it genuinely takes longer than most other regulatory steps in the program.

What happens to patient records when a practice sells?

Custodianship transfers under the province's specific rules for health information custodians — a distinct legal framework built for exactly this situation, not a generic business due-diligence item. How records are secured and accessed through the transition gets handled deliberately, as part of the sale itself.

Do the associate dentists or physicians stay on after the sale?

That depends on their existing associate agreements and what's negotiated as part of the transaction. Since continuity of associates materially affects how much of the patient base and revenue carries forward, non-solicitation and continuity terms are worth as much attention as the headline price.

Is this really always a share sale? Is an asset sale ever used instead?

Share sale is the standard structure in this category, largely because of how the practice's licensing, goodwill, and the corporation's tax attributes are tied together. An asset-only structure is uncommon here and would need a specific reason to be considered.

№ 01.9Resource Register

Official links

ResourceOfficial link
Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario
Dental professional-corporation ownership rules
Visit www.rcdso.org
College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario
Medical professional-corporation ownership rules
Visit www.cpso.on.ca
Information and Privacy Commissioner of Ontario
PHIPA and patient-record transfer
Visit www.ipc.on.ca

Where we close dental or medical practice deals

Ready to begin?

Tell us about your dental or medical practice deal — we'll point you the right way and confirm the cost in writing before any work begins.

Prefer to talk first? Call 1-844-900-1070 — it’s free.
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