What is an executor personally liable for in Nova Scotia?

This answer covers the law of Nova Scotia.

An executor in Nova Scotia can be personally liable most clearly where they distribute the estate too early and a creditor's claim goes unpaid. The representative advertises in the Royal Gazette for six months, and if no claim is filed, or assets sufficient to cover filed claims are retained, no action lies against the representative for paying debts and distributing.

There are exceptions. A representative who distributes to people whose claim or address they had no notice of is not liable for those proceeds, and a creditor who misses the advertising period may claim only with the court's prior consent. After 12 months from the grant, or longer if the court allows, claims presented must be paid and distribution made.

To reduce risk, keep accurate records of all property and debts of the estate. Serve notice of the grant on each person who may be entitled to share within 30 days. File the full inventory in Form 29 within 3 months after the grant. If there are two or more personal representatives, land dispositions need all to concur or a Supreme Court order. Tax and other debts depend on the estate, so confirm with a lawyer or accountant.